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Courageous Voices that Shook the Nation to Action
(3rd Grade)
Lesson 1:
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Lesson
Handouts
Academic Standards
Philanthropy Framework

Focus Question(s):

What is a world citizen's responsibility to promote and advocate for justice and kindness?

NOTE: Prior to this lesson, use the Blue Sky Activity in which students envision a better world.  If you already have a Blue Sky display, revisit it before beginning this lesson.

Purpose:

Through literature and music, this lesson explores the implementation of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s birth date as a United States holiday. Students listen to a story about the celebration of his birthday and hear about the quest of those who fought to have it recognized as a national holiday. In addition, students learn the lyrics of Stevie Wonder's song "Happy Birthday" and discover how it fueled the campaign to proclaim Dr. King as a national hero.

Duration:

One 60-minute class period

Objectives:

The learner will:

  • listen to a book and song about the life of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and his role in the Civil Rights Movement.
  • explain how Dr. King worked  philanthropically for the common good of all citizens.
  • write a reflection about the attributes of a hero.

Service Experience:

Although this lesson contains a service project example, decisions about service plans and implementation should be made by students, as age appropriate.

Suggestions:

  • Students teach K-2 students what they have learned about Martin Luther King, Jr. and teach them the Happy Birthday song.
  • Students volunteer as storytellers and present the Martin Luther King, Jr. text to the K-2 students.

Materials:

  • one copy of the book, Happy Birthday Martin Luther King by Jean Marzollo
  • Attachment One: What Makes a Hero? (Student Worksheet)
  • Audio copy of Stevie Wonder's "Happy Birthday," a 1980 song about Martin Luther King, Jr. Day http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o6sNSl2g15E&feature=related
  • Download from the website background about the holiday. -  www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Day 
  • Download from the website lyrics of the song "Happy Birthday." - www.lyricsdomain.com/19/stevie_wonder/happy_birthday.html

 

Handout 1
What Makes a Hero?

Instructional Procedure(s):

Teacher Note:  Before this lesson, preview the history (see Materials for website) of the decision to make Martin Luther King, Jr.'s birthday a national holiday so you can summarize it for the students.

Anticipatory Set:
Say to the learners, "Today I am going to read a story about the life of a gentleman named Dr. King, and then we will explore how his birthday became a national holiday."
Read the book Happy Birthday Martin Luther King by Jean Marzollo and ask the students to recall the events of his life and to summarize the work of Dr. King.

  • Review the meaning of the word philanthropy ("giving time, talent, or treasure for the sake of another or for the common good").
  • Ask students to identify examples of Dr. King giving his time, talent, and treasure for the common good. 
  • Have learners explain why we honor Dr. King. (He fought for equal rights, stood against injustice, and envisioned a society where all humankind would be  treated equally no matter what their race, religion, or ethnicity. He used nonviolent tactics, was a peacemaker, and lost his life during his fight for the cause.) 
  • Ask students the question, "How do you think our country decides what should became a national holiday?" Allow and accept all responses to encourage students to connect to the concept.
  • Ask the students to identify some national holidays and brainstorm reasons these days are holidays. As you listen to the discussion, write some key words on the board that describe the characteristics of the people. Some words that come up may be president, leader, change, inspirational, hard-working, sacrifice, first, fight for what is right, exploration, and honor. Ask the students if these holidays honor someone who worked for the common good.
  • Tell the students that you are going to explain how Martin Luther King's birthday became a holiday. Ask them to look at the list of words and note which ones fit the work of Dr. King. Briefly share the information (paraphrased from the link listed in Materials) about how it became a national holiday. Tell students why some people supported the concept (promotes peace rather than aggression, honors the work of a man who protested racial discrimination, etc.) and why others opposed the idea (he didn't hold public office, too expensive to add another national holiday and possible day off from work and school, etc.).
  • With the students, go back to the list of words on the board and underline those that describe Dr. King and support the decision to make his birthday a national holiday.
  • Tell the students that the words to a song in 1980 influenced the decision to make Dr. King's birthday a national holiday. Tell the students that music has always been used as a form of communication. Stevie Wonder expressed his feelings about Dr. King through his song "Happy Birthday."
  • Distribute a printout of the lyrics to the song. (See Materials.) Play a recording of the song while students listen.
  • Read aloud the lyrics of the song with the students.
  • Discuss the meaning of the lyrics. Ask the students to pick out meaningful lines of the song and explain them to the rest of the class. Discuss how these lyrics might have influenced the decision to make Martin Luther King, Jr.'s birthday a national holiday.
  • After the discussion, play the song again and all sing along.
  • Ask the students how this song and holiday inspire us to work for justice and promote kindness to all.
  • Ask students to brainstorm ideas of actions they can perform to promote justice and kindness as they participate in a King Day project.

Assessment:

Students write a paragraph, reflecting on the term hero and its attributes. (See Handout 1.)

Learning Link(s): (click to view)

School/Home Connection:

Students start a journal entitled, "The Hero in Me." At least once a week, students write an entry describing philanthropic acts they have performed. Example: This week, I gave my time by...

This journal assignment may be extended to the end of the school year.

Cross-Curriculum Extensions:

Students write new versions of the "Happy Birthday" song, celebrating the life and philanthropic work of Dr. King. They may use the same tune or create a rap.

Students conduct research and write a song or paragraph about another individual who was or is an advocate for the common good, especially someone who has strengthened the threads of civil society with his/her actions.

Reflection: (click to view)

Bibliographical References:

  • Marzolla, Jean.  Happy Birthday Dr. Martin Luther King. Jr. Scholastic 1995. ISBN 9780590728287.

Lesson Developed By:

Greta Hendricks Johnson
Detroit Public Schools
Van Zile Elementary School
Detroit, MI 48234

Handouts:

Handout 1Print Handout 1

What Makes a Hero?

 

 

advocate   
compassionate brave empathy   
kind philanthropist      
righteous  
courage
strong perserverance common good

pursues justice

 Name_____________________________

Choose at least five words or phrases listed above and write a paragraph about character traits that describe a hero. Include details about why you chose each trait. If you don't know a word, use the dictionary.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Philanthropy Framework:

Comments

Maria, Educator – Newark, NJ1/20/2009 5:47:54 PM

Great Lesson! The children learned a lot and enjoyed it.

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Unit Contents:

Overview:Courageous Voices that Shook the Nation to Action
(3rd Grade) Summary

Lessons:

1.
Courageous Voices that Shook the Nation to Action
(3rd Grade)

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